Role of the Immune Tolerance-Inducing Molecule Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase in Gynecologic Cancers
نویسندگان
چکیده
Gynecologic cancer mainly consists of three major tumors; endometrial carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, and uterine cervical carcinoma, and also includes vulvar carcinoma. Most patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage I-II early-stage gynecologic cancer achieve a favorable clinical outcome with surgery alone or with surgery plus postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. However, patients with FIGO stage III-IV advanced disease or recurrence remain to show the poor long-term survival. Therefore, in addition to conventional surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, novel therapeutic strategies, such as immunotherapy and molecular-targeted therapy, are needed to further improve the survival of patients with advanced disease.
منابع مشابه
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